The growing adoption of remote and hybrid work has transformed organizational leadership practices, creating new challenges for trust, communication, and employee engagement. Despite increasing scholarly attention, limited research has examined how employees in high power-distance cultural contexts perceive leadership in remote work environments or how these perceptions contribute to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth. This study explores how employees in Indonesian organizations interpret leadership behaviors in remote settings and how these interpretations influence psychological safety and employee voice. Using an interpretive qualitative approach grounded in constructivist epistemology, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 48 employees from the technology, financial services, higher education, government, and professional services sectors across Indonesia. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis (RTA). Four empirical themes were developed: behavioral consistency as the foundation of remote trust; the relational weight of supervisory disclosure; the cultural renegotiation of hierarchy; and the communicative significance of digital micro-behaviors. These themes support three theoretical mechanisms within one integrated model. Digital micro-behaviors provide the signals employees interpret; trust develops through asymmetric accumulation; and cultural permission structures develop partly in parallel, with trust and permission jointly determining whether psychological safety and voice become available. By specifying the conditions under which remote employees can participate meaningfully in organizational decision-making and receive fair and dignified treatment, the findings demonstrate how remote leadership practices can advance SDG 8 through employee participation, psychological safety, inclusive leadership, fairness, and quality of working life. The study offers implications for leadership development, organizational communication design, and inclusive remote-work practices.
Engineering project credit-risk governance requires regulators and project participants to coordinate institutional controls with digital supervision capabilities. Yet decision-makers often lack a structured basis for identifying the factors that should receive priority and for judging how institutional and technological interventions may perform over time. This study investigates the causal structure of engineering project credit risk and examines the policy implications of alternative governance interventions. An online questionnaire collected 86 complete responses covering 33 predefined directional relationships among 13 factors organised under the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework. Full-precision mean scores were analysed using the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL), Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM), and Matrix of Cross-Impact Multiplications Applied to Classification (MICMAC). An exploratory system dynamics (SD) model was then used to compare the baseline, institutional-response, technology, and combined scenarios. Robustness was examined through alternative response coding, threshold sensitivity tests, and 1,000 bootstrap resamples. The results showed that insufficient credit verification by supervision units, environmental and resource compliance risk, and lagging credit-management methods were the three most prominent factors. The ISM analysis placed environmental and resource compliance risk at the root of the four-level hierarchy, while MICMAC classified four factors as independent drivers. All bootstrap samples retained the same three leading factors, and alternative coding preserved the complete prominence ranking (Spearman’s $\rho$ = 1.000). In the exploratory simulation, the technology intervention produced a credit index of 39.09 at time 20, compared with 4.06 under the baseline scenario. The institutional-response intervention showed no clear long-horizon advantage. At time 50, the combined scenario produced a value of 33.73, only slightly higher than the technology-only value of 33.42. These findings indicate that engineering project credit-risk governance should prioritise verifiable supervision, interoperable monitoring, and timely credit-management processes. The integrated framework provides a transparent basis for intervention prioritisation and lifecycle governance, while the simulation results should be interpreted as policy experiments rather than industry forecasts.
This study examines environmental communication on the UK-based Islam Channel’s YouTube platform and its relevance to community development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It combines a systematic literature review and bibliometric mapping with qualitative content analysis of 18 videos uploaded in 2023–2024, using NVivo 14 to analyse social, economic, and environmental themes. Of 99 coding assignments, 53 concerned social themes (54%), 35 economic themes (35%), and 11 environmental themes (11%). Environmental content formed the smallest share and frequently appeared within conflict-related humanitarian reporting, including accounts of damaged infrastructure and restricted access to water and other resources. These patterns suggest opportunities to give environmental issues a more sustained place in faith-based programming. The discussion relates this opportunity to Muslim communities facing climate and water-related challenges and explores Islamic concepts of khalifah fil ardh, mizan, fasad, and hima as resources for future environmental communication. Recommendations focus on editorial goals, culturally relevant narratives, solution-oriented reporting, partnerships, and evidence-informed content planning. The study offers a community development perspective on faith-based media and an agenda for strengthening its environmental communication.
The increasing demand for electrical energy and the commitment to clean energy transition encourage the utilization of renewable energy at the community level through the development of solar photovoltaic (PV). This study aims to identify the potential of solar PV, design the generating system, and analyze the technical and economic feasibility of developing an energy-independent village based on microgrids in Kedungrong Hamlet, Yogyakarta Special Region. The study uses a descriptive quantitative approach with the research object being 53 houses’ rooftops identified as having the potential for installing rooftop solar power plants (PLTS). Primary data were obtained through field observations, inventory of roof area and household electricity needs, and technical documentation, while secondary data were obtained from Global Solar Atlas and relevant scientific literature. The analysis was carried out through identification of solar radiation potential, calculation of electricity consumption, design of solar panel capacity and its supporting components, and evaluation of economic feasibility based on initial investment and energy saving benefits. The results of the study indicate that the rooftops of 53 buildings in Kedungrong Hamlet have good potential to be developed as PLTS systems because they are supported by adequate solar radiation intensity throughout the year. Economic analysis shows that PV investments provide benefits in the form of electricity cost savings and have a viable long-term return on investment. The integration of rooftop PV through a microgrid system improves energy supply reliability, electricity distribution efficiency, and strengthens community energy security. This research produces an energy-independent village planning model based on the utilization of 53 rooftops as a source of renewable electricity generation that can be replicated in other rural areas with similar characteristics to support the achievement of the national energy mix and sustainable development.
Small-scale fisheries are vital for coastal livelihoods and food security but face persistent sustainability challenges driven by environmental degradation, climate variability, and structural economic vulnerability. Although sustainability assessments of small-scale fisheries are well established, financial aspects—particularly green finance—are often treated as secondary or mediating factors and remain weakly operationalized within integrated analytical frameworks. This study assesses the sustainability status of small-scale fisheries and identifies key leverage attributes by explicitly embedding green finance-related attributes as cross-cutting drivers within a multidimensional sustainability assessment. Using Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) implemented through the Rapid Appraisal for Fisheries (RAPFISH) framework, sustainability was evaluated across six interrelated dimensions: economic, social, institutional, regulatory, environmental, and cultural. The analysis was applied to coastal small-scale fisheries systems in East Java Province, Indonesia, using ordinal scores derived from expert judgment and stakeholder input. Results show that the cultural dimension exhibits strong sustainability and the social dimension remains moderately stable, while economic and environmental dimensions remain highly vulnerable. Leverage analysis indicates that green finance-related attributes—particularly access to finance, financial intermediation capacity, and policy integration—emerged as high-leverage attributes the overall sustainability configuration despite their limited current implementation. These findings indicate that finance functions as a high-leverage, cross-cutting structural driver in small-scale fisheries sustainability rather than a peripheral factor, offering evidence-based insights for policy alignment, institutional coordination, and targeted financial interventions to strengthen the sustainability of small-scale fisheries.
An unsteady magnetohydrodynamic boundary-layer model was developed for a Sutterby penta-hybrid nanofluid flowing over an extending catalytic surface, with particular emphasis on transport mechanisms relevant to wastewater treatment. Water was employed as the base fluid, while polystyrene, poly (acrylic acid), poly (acrylic acid)-block-polystyrene (PAA-b-PS), cerium oxide, and copper oxide were incorporated to represent complementary functionalities associated with colloidal stabilization, contaminant adsorption, photocatalytic degradation, and antimicrobial activity. The coupled conservation equations governing momentum, energy, and species concentration were formulated in Cartesian coordinates, together with a Poisson equation for the pressure field. Appropriate similarity transformations were subsequently introduced to reduce the governing partial differential equations to a coupled system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Surface-catalyzed contaminant degradation was represented through reaction boundary conditions parameterized by Damköhler numbers. The resulting boundary-value problem was solved numerically using the MATLAB bvp5c solver. The computed results demonstrated that the hydrodynamic, thermal, and concentration boundary layers were strongly governed by the combined effects of magnetic forcing, Sutterby rheological behavior, nanoparticle loading, unsteadiness, and reaction kinetics. The effects of the magnetic field, Sutterby rheological parameters, nanoparticle loading, reaction kinetics, and pressure variations on the velocity, temperature, and contaminant-concentration distributions were systematically evaluated. The numerical results demonstrated that the coupled effects of magnetohydrodynamic forcing, Sutterby rheology, and penta-hybrid composition substantially modified momentum, thermal, and mass transport within the boundary layer. In particular, appropriate combinations of the governing parameters were shown to intensify thermal and solutal transport and promote contaminant degradation at the catalytic surface. Pressure variations were additionally demonstrated to influence boundary-layer development and species transport, thereby affecting the predicted contaminant-removal characteristics. These findings establish a theoretical framework for understanding coupled magnetohydrodynamic, non-Newtonian, heat-transfer, and reactive mass-transfer phenomena in multifunctional nanofluid systems and provide potential guidance for the development and optimization of advanced wastewater-treatment processes.
Pulau Weh, with Sabang as its capital, is located at the westernmost tip of Indonesia. Beyond its significance for domestic and international tourism, the island hosts several national strategic projects. Currently, the landscape of Pulau Weh is dominated by non-urban areas (agriculture, forests, and open land), including critical conservation and protected forest zones. These areas provide essential Cultural Ecosystem Services (CES) that benefit the local island community. This study aims to analyze land-use changes and local community perceptions of CES values within the forest conservation areas of Pulau Weh, Aceh Province. The research aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically Goals 1 (No Poverty), 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and 13 (Climate Action). A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating ArcGIS analysis to evaluate spatial functional changes and statistical analysis using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) via SPSS to measure public perception. The results indicate that the 2023 land-use composition comprises built-up areas (497.69 ha; 4.49%), woodlands (5,203 ha; 46.89%), agricultural land (3,111 ha; 28.04%), grasslands (2,071 ha; 18.67%), water bodies (157 ha; 1.41%), and bare land (55.76 ha; 0.50%). Based on community perceptions, the forest conservation areas in Sabang contribute significantly to CES values, including recreation, cultural heritage, aesthetics, education, social relations, health, spirituality, and ecological/tourism benefits. Notably, disaster mitigation was the only value perceived as non-significant by the community.
The study of non-Newtonian nanofluid flow over magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) surfaces has attracted considerable research interest due to its relevance to polymer processing, heat treatment, metallurgical production, and biomedical transport systems. Despite extensive studies on MHD Casson nanofluids, the combined effects of bidirectional stretching, porous-medium resistance, thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, double diffusion, and non-Fourier heat conduction have received relatively limited attention within a unified analytical framework. To address this gap, this study develops an analytical model for the unsteady flow of MHD Casson nanofluids over a bidirectional stretching surface by incorporating the Cattaneo–Christov heat-flux formulation. The proposed model accounts for finite-speed thermal propagation and thermal relaxation effects that are not considered in the conventional Fourier heat conduction model. The resulting nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into a coupled system of similarity equations and analysed using the Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM). The effects of the governing parameters on the velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle concentration profiles are systematically analysed. The results show that stronger magnetic forces and increased permeability of the porous medium reduce the fluid velocity, whereas thermal radiation and viscous dissipation enhance the temperature distribution. Brownian motion and thermophoresis influence nanoparticle concentration and thermal boundarylayer characteristics, while increasing the thermal relaxation parameter in the Cattaneo–Christov model reduces the temperature profile compared with the classical Fourier formulation, highlighting the effects of finite-speed heat propagation and thermal relaxation. The analytical results provide comprehensive insights into the coupled momentum, heat, and mass transfer characteristics of cryogenic nanofluids and may contribute to the design and optimisation of thermal management systems and polymer-processing applications.
This study examines the association between board structure and characteristics and the quality of sustainability reporting, using an integrated reporting-based proxy. Thirty-seven companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) in South Africa were selected. Panel data were collected on board size, women on the board, ethnic diversity, the number of financial experts on the board, the average age of board members and their independence. Three control variables were included, namely profitability, firm age and firm size. Sustainability reporting quality (SRQ) was operationalised using the Ernst and Young (EY) Excellence in Integrated Reporting Awards, a categorical rating with four levels: Progress to be made, Average, Good, and Excellent. A multinomial logit model with firm level clustered standard errors was applied to assess the relationship between board structure and SRQ. Under the sample conditions, the results indicate a statistically significant positive association between ethnic diversity and the highest SRQ category. Board size and average board age showed negative and positive associations respectively, but neither was statistically significant after clustering. Board independence, financial expertise and gender diversity were not statistically associated with SRQ. The findings offer insights for policymakers on board composition, with ethnic diversity emerging as the characteristic most strongly associated with high-quality sustainability disclosure under the sample conditions examined.
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