This study aims to explore the utilization of waste glass (cullet) and bentonite clay as additives to improve the physical and mechanical properties of building bricks made from low-grade clay materials of West Kazakhstan. The research addresses both environmental challenges related to glass waste recycling and the efficient use of locally available raw materials in ceramic production. During the research, clay samples from the Rubezhinsk deposit and bentonite clay from the Pogodayev field were used. Two types of three-component mixtures were prepared: (1) loess clay-bentonite powder-waste glass, and (2) loess clay-bentonite suspension-waste glass. Additives were varied between 5%−25% for bentonite and 5%−15% for waste glass. Standard procedures, including semi-dry pressing, thermal analysis, and scanning electron microscopy, were employed to evaluate the chemical composition, microstructure, plasticity, drying sensitivity, compressive and flexural strength, frost resistance, and water absorption. The introduction of bentonite and cullet significantly enhanced the performance of the ceramic mass. Due to its colloidal properties, the bentonite suspension led to better compaction, lower porosity, and higher compressive strength (up to 13.2 MPa) compared to powder-based mixtures. Microstructural analysis revealed the formation of albite and anorthite crystalline phases that acted as reinforcing agents. The modified mixtures showed reduced drying sensitivity, improved frost resistance, and lower water absorption. The optimized composition of loess clay with bentonite suspension and cullet is a promising solution for producing high-quality, eco-friendly ceramic bricks. The use of waste glass enhances the bricks’ technical properties and contributes to sustainable waste management practices in Kazakhstan.

Methane (CH$_4$) emissions from the oil and gas industry account for a significant portion of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and contribute to global warming. The objective of this research is to estimate and describe the size, pattern, and determinants of CH$_4$ emissions, with a focus on areas where gas flaring is prevalent. By merging satellite emission information with energy production levels and environmental policy makers, the study provides an empirical examination of the interaction between regulation of flaring, and CH$_4$ leakages. The study employs a panel data econometric model to identify the primary drivers of emissions in oil-producing basins. Results indicate that weak enforcement of regulations and the flaring ratio are strongly associated with high CH$_4$ emissions. The findings provide valuable insights for planning targeted mitigation an action, enhancing regulatory compliance, and supporting the transition to clean energy systems.

This study provides a comprehensive assessment of long-term climate variability in Palembang, Indonesia, over the period 1992–2025, with particular emphasis on temperature-driven heat exposure and associated environmental health risks. Monthly observational data obtained from the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika, BMKG) were analyzed to evaluate trends in air temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, and wind speed. Linear regression and anomaly-based approaches were applied to quantify temporal changes relative to a 1992–2025 climatological baseline. The results reveal a pronounced and sustained warming trend, with mean air temperature increasing by approximately 1.3–1.5 ℃ and peak anomalies exceeding +2.0 ℃ in recent years. The frequency of extreme heat months ($\geq$90th percentile) has increased substantially since 2010. In contrast, relative humidity remains persistently high ($\geq$80%) with limited long-term variation, while rainfall and wind speed exhibit strong interannual variability associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dynamics. These findings indicate intensifying thermal stress and increasing environmental health risks, underscoring the need for integrated climate–health adaptation strategies, including early warning systems and urban resilience planning in rapidly urbanizing tropical regions.

This research examines the preparedness of individuals in Indonesia’s green building sector to utilise digital construction technologies, including Internet of Things (IoT), building information modelling (BIM), and artificial intelligence (AI). The objective is to enhance energy conservation and efficiency. The research integrates Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) and Task-Technology Fit (TTF) to develop a model that assesses the readiness of green construction teams to implement digital tools to enhance energy performance. The Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) approach is employed to determine reliability, validity, and structural correlations. The final model accounts for 93.0% of the variance in behavioural intention (BI), 34.4% in use behaviour (UB), and 44.2% in performance expectancy (PE). BI is a robust predictor of actual usage ($\beta$ = 0.586, $p$ $<$ 0.001). Social influence (SI) ($\beta$ = 1.037, $p$ $<$ 0.001), perceived value (PV) ($\beta$ = 1.300, $p$ $<$ 0.001), PE ($\beta$ = 0.181, $p$ = 0.0049), and habit (HB) ($\beta$ = 0.283, $p$ = 0.047) all positively affect BI. Conversely, facilitating situations exert a significant negative impact ($\beta$ = -1.584, $p$ $<$ 0.001). When individuals excessively rely on organisational assistance, they diminish their intrinsic motivation. TTF is a significant predictor of PE ($\beta$ = 0.665, $p$ $<$ 0.001); however, it does not directly influence BI. The integration of technology into tasks is primarily driven by individuals’ perceptions of its performance advantages rather than by direct adoption. This study focuses on the unique requirements of green-construction processes, in which digital technologies contribute to reducing energy consumption, an approach notably different from prior UTAUT2 + TTF studies. The research presents a model illustrating how task alignment, performance perceptions, and the evaluation of costs against benefits influence individuals’ readiness to adopt digital technology in green building project initiatives.

The plastic waste is the promising environmental pitfall faced across the globe, no matter what India is not exempted. Today we are having digital nativity among the Gen z or iGeneration leads to diverse environmental behavioral pattern. The study was focused area of Bangalore the reason which it is filled with the multi-cultural and diverse community. The study collects the structured questionnaire considering 942 samples. The novelty of the article through a light on identification of major information sources influencing behavioral change, gender-based differences in environmental concern, and limited awareness of health impacts. The methodology incorporated Cronbach Alpha, factor analysis, correlation, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to ensure empirical rigor and interpret complex relationships in behavior and awareness. The study also limelight to the policy makers to leveraging the educational institutions to mandate to conduct the sustainable drive practices among the growing iGeneration.