Climate change (CC) represents a paramount environmental challenge, necessitating the deployment of sustainable, low-carbon strategies particularly in developing regions such as Africa. This study introduces a novel decision-making framework aimed at enhancing the prioritization of policies to combat the adverse effects of CC. The proposed two-stage model employs the integration of Step-Wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) and Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) under spherical fuzzy (SF) conditions to address the strategic sequencing of sustainable policies. Initially, SF-SWARA is utilized to ascertain the relative significance of diverse criteria. Subsequently, the SF-WASPAS method ranks these policies, facilitating informed decision-making. The primary obstacles identified include limited institutional capacity, insufficient financial resources, and technological constraints, for which strategic alternatives are proposed. Moreover, rigorous sensitivity and comparative analyses affirm the model's applicability. By systematically delineating and prioritizing necessary policies, this study contributes significantly to the scholarly discourse on climate mitigation (CM) in an African context.

This study examines the impact of emotional perceptions and social influence on green consumption practices, with a focus on Vietnam. Conducted using a non-probability sampling method, the research drew upon responses from 548 Vietnamese consumers. The SmartPLS Software was employed for hypothesis testing. It was determined that attitudes towards green products and the appraisal of environmental threats positively influence green purchase behaviors. Moreover, the effect of both attitudes and threat appraisal on green purchasing behavior was found to be positively moderated by social influence. By incorporating the role of social influence, this research extends the protection motivation theory (PMT) and bridges the gap between perception, attitude, and behavior. The findings suggest managerial implications for companies marketing green products in Vietnam, highlighting strategies to enhance consumer engagement and purchase. This study not only sheds light on the intrinsic motivations behind green product purchases but also underscores the amplifying role of social contexts in environmental consumerism.

This study explores the interrelations among environmental quality (EQ), poverty (POV), and green growth (GG) across 34 provinces in Indonesia from 2015 to 2023, employing a simultaneous equation model (SEM) to address the gap in prior research which often overlooked the concurrent analysis of these variables. It was found that POV exerts a significant negative impact on EQ, quantified at a reduction of 0.235 percent. Conversely, GG contributes positively to EQ, enhancing it by 0.197 percent. The findings underscore the necessity for policies that integrate environmental, social, and economic considerations, advocating for inclusive and sustainable development strategies. These strategies are pivotal for fostering economic opportunities that enhance community welfare while ensuring environmental sustainability. The study concludes that a nuanced understanding of the relationships between these endogenous factors is crucial for effective policy formulation, highlighting the need for a balanced approach that harmonizes developmental objectives with environmental stewardship.